I am currently using Dropbox for school files. Originally I used it so I could store articles and drafts and access them at work while I was on my break without having to e-mail them to myself (as one of the resources mentions). I now mostly use it to store my school work because it provides a great backup system. I used to save items to my desktop and to a USB drive, but if I wasn't careful and consistent sometimes I would get confused about which had the newest version.
I have also used Google Docs for school. It worked well for sharing a document that could be edited and added to by everyone in my group; however, I found some of the navigation and use of some features confusing and didn't like it overall. That was awhile ago so improvements might have been made. I found less well known sites that provided document sharing that seemed more straight forward to me (though I can't remember the names now).
For patrons, Dropbox would work well if they had a computer at home and just wanted to use our printer. They could easily access the document from the Dropbox web site. Google Docs might be a good option for people if they didn't mind using the Google docs format. For people who are working on a Word document, Microsoft Office's cloud service is SkyDrive. SkyDrive would be a good option for people who used our library computers for Microsoft but didn't bring a USB drive to save their work.